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The OC unit does not spontaneously heal; therefore, OC defects are considered to be one of the major risk factors for developing long\u2010term degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritis. Yet, there is currently no curative treatment for OC defects, and OC regeneration remains an unmet medical challenge. In this context, a plethora of tissue engineering strategies have been envisioned over the last two decades, such as combining cells, biological molecules, and\/or biomaterials, yet with little evidence of successful clinical transfer to date. This striking observation must be put into perspective with the difficulty in comparing studies to identify overall key elements for success. This systematic review aims to provide a deeper insight into the field of material\u2010assisted strategies for OC regeneration, with particular considerations for the therapeutic potential of the different approaches (with or without cells or biological molecules), and current OC regeneration evaluation methods. After a brief description of the biological complexity of the OC unit, the recent literature is thoroughly analyzed, and the major pitfalls, emerging key elements, and new paths to success are identified and discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202200050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T19:41:33Z","timestamp":1648150893000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Material\u2010Assisted Strategies for Osteochondral Defect Repair"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Constance","family":"Lesage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes Oniris CHU Nantes INSERM Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton RMeS  UMR 1229 Nantes F\u201044000 France"},{"name":"HTL Biotechnology  7 Rue Alfred Kastler Javen\u00e9 35133 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Lafont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes Oniris CHU Nantes INSERM Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton RMeS  UMR 1229 Nantes F\u201044000 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2754-3024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Guihard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes Oniris CHU Nantes INSERM Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton RMeS  UMR 1229 Nantes F\u201044000 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes Oniris CHU Nantes INSERM Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton RMeS  UMR 1229 Nantes F\u201044000 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Guicheux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes Oniris CHU Nantes INSERM Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton RMeS  UMR 1229 Nantes F\u201044000 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vianney","family":"Delplace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Nantes Oniris CHU Nantes INSERM Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton RMeS  UMR 1229 Nantes F\u201044000 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","first-page":"461","volume":"1","author":"Sophia Fox A. 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