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Despite the accumulated knowledge from epidemiological, in vitro, and in animal studies, the understanding of dissemination of vector\u2010borne pathogens, such as <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic>), remains incomplete with several important knowledge gaps, especially related to invasion and intravasation into circulation. To elucidate the mechanistic details of these processes a tissue\u2010engineered human dermal microvessel model is developed. Fluorescently labeled <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic> are injected into the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic tick inoculation. High resolution, confocal imaging is performed to visualize the sub\u2010acute phase of infection. From analysis of migration paths no evidence to support adhesin\u2010mediated interactions between <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic> and ECM components is found, suggesting that collagen fibers serve as inert obstacles to migration. Intravasation occurs at cell\u2013cell junctions and is relatively fast, consistent with <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic> swimming in ECM. In addition, it is found that <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic> alone can induce endothelium activation, resulting in increased immune cell adhesion but no changes in global or local permeability. Together these results provide new insight into the minimum requirements for <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic> dissemination and highlight how tissue\u2010engineered models are complementary to animal models in visualizing dynamic processes associated with vector\u2010borne pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202204395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]],"date-time":"2022-09-25T23:01:57Z","timestamp":1664146917000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Visualization of the Dynamics of Invasion and Intravasation of the Bacterium That Causes Lyme Disease in a Tissue Engineered Dermal Microvessel Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Zhaobin","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy D.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjan","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikshu","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linus","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"},{"name":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha","family":"Ademola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of South Florida  4202 E Fowler Ave Tampa FL 33620 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raleigh M.","family":"Linville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University  3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Utpal","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine The University of Maryland, College Park  8075 Greenmead Dr College Park MD 20740 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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