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Various skin environments on its surface constitutes a complex ecosystem. One of the characteristics of the skin micro\u2010ecosystem is low biomass, which greatly limits a comprehensive identification of the microbial species through sequencing. In this study, deep\u2010shotgun sequencing (average 21.5\u00a0Gigabyte (Gb)) from 450 facial samples and publicly available skin metagenomic datasets of 2069 samples to assemble a Unified Human Skin Genome (UHSG) catalog is integrated. The UHSG encompasses 813 prokaryotic species derived from 5779 metagenome\u2010assembled genomes, among which 470 are novel species covering 20 phyla with 1385 novel assembled genomes. Based on the UHSG, the core functions of the skin microbiome are described and the differences in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and drug resistance functions among different phyla are identified. Furthermore, analysis of secondary metabolites of the near\u2010complete genomes further find 1220 putative novel secondary metabolites, several of which are found in previously unknown genomes. Single nucleotide variant (SNV) reveals a possible skin protection mechanism: the negative selection process of the skin environment to conditional pathogens. UHSG offers a convenient reference database that will facilitate a more in\u2010depth understanding of the role of skin microorganisms in the skin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202300050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T10:43:27Z","timestamp":1691405007000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Integrated Human Skin Bacteria Genome Catalog Reveals Extensive Unexplored Habitat\u2010Specific Microbiome Diversity and Function"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5589-1136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiming","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Human Phenome Institute Fudan University  Shanghai 200438 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Human Phenome Institute Fudan University  Shanghai 200438 China"},{"name":"Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou) School of Life Sciences, Fudan University  Guangzhou 511458 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hefu","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhe","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haorong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peishan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiye","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research  Shenzhen 518083 China"},{"name":"China National GeneBank BGI Research  Shenzhen 518120 China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 China"},{"name":"James D. 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