{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T21:05:37Z","timestamp":1787951137206,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"29","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32172208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral delivery of antidiabetic active components\u00a0promises to free millions of people from daily suffering who require routine injections. However, oral insulin (Ins) and other short\u2010acting compounds\u00a0such as nateglinide (NG) in harsh gastrointestinal tract still face great challenging, including low bioavailability, and rapid elimination. In this study, inspired by the self\u2010assembly of phenylalanine\u2010based peptides in nature, it is showed that NG a small phenylalanine derivative, assembles into left\u2010handed helical nanofibers in the presence of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. These helical NG nanofibers functioned as a coating layer on the surface of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010linked alginate (Alg) microgels for the effective encapsulation of Ins. As expected, the sustained release and prolonged circulation of Ins and NG from the Ins\u2010loading Alg\/NG microgels (Ins@Alg\/NG) in the intestinal tract synergistically maintain a relatively normal blood glucose level in streptozotocin\u2010induced diabetic mice after oral administration of Ins@Alg\/NG. This further confirms that Ins@Alg\/NG ameliorated Ins resistance mainly through activating Insreceptor substrate 1 (IRS1), protein kinase B (AKT), and AMP\u2010activated protein kinase (AMPK), as well as by repressing glycogen synthase kinase\u20103\u03b2 (GSK\u20103\u03b2). The strategy of using the assembly of NG as a coating achieves the oral delivery of insulin and showcases a potential\u00a0for the treatment of diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202301879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T17:50:24Z","timestamp":1692553824000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Helical\u2010Like Assembly of Nateglinide as Coating for Oral Delivery of Insulin and Their Synergistic Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yanfei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SKL of Marine Food Processing &amp; Safety Control National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University  Dalian 116034 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SKL of Marine Food Processing &amp; 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