{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T17:34:15Z","timestamp":1791480855782,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2504302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2504302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017695","name":"Health Commission of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20200476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017695","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017695","name":"Health Commission of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20201907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20201907"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017695","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by synovitis and joint cartilage destruction. The severity of OA is highly associated with the imbalance between M1 and M2 synovial macrophages. In this study, a novel strategy is designed to modulate macrophage polarization by reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and regulating mitochondrial function. A ROS\u2010responsive polymer is synthesized to self\u2010assemble with astaxanthin and autophagy activator rapamycin to form nanoparticles (NP@Poly\n                    <jats:sup>RHAPM<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). In vitro experiments show that NP@Poly\n                    <jats:sup>RHAPM<\/jats:sup>\n                    significantly reduced intracellular ROS levels. Furthermore, NP@Poly\n                    <jats:sup>RHAPM<\/jats:sup>\n                    restored mitochondrial membrane potential, increased glutathione (GSH) levels, and promoted intracellular autophagy, hence successfully repolarizing M1 macrophages into the M2 phenotype. This repolarization enhanced chondrocyte proliferation and vitality while inhibiting apoptosis. In vivo experiments utilizing an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)\u2010induced OA mouse model revealed the anti\u2010inflammatory and cartilage\u2010protective effects of NP@Poly\n                    <jats:sup>RHAPM<\/jats:sup>\n                    , effectively mitigating OA progression. Consequently, the findings suggest that intra\u2010articular delivery of ROS\u2010responsive nanocarrier systems holds significant promise as a potential and effective therapeutic strategy for OA treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202305363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T05:52:00Z","timestamp":1702533120000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Reprogramming Macrophage Polarization, Depleting ROS by Astaxanthin and Thioketal\u2010Containing Polymers Delivering Rapamycin for Osteoarthritis Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Huiyun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China  Hengyang Hunan 421001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street Beijing 100029 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingpu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Science  Beijing 100190 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8831-3607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry The University of Queensland  Brisbane 4006 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