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However, the application of mRNA vaccines is limited because of biological instability, innate immunogenicity, and ineffective delivery in vivo. This study aims to construct a novel mRNA vaccine delivery nanosystem to successfully co\u2010deliver a tumor\u2010associated antigen (TAA) encoded by the Wilms' tumor 1 (<jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic>) mRNA. In this system, named PSB@Nb<jats:sub>1.33<\/jats:sub>C\/mRNA, photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) efficiently delivers the <jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic>MXene\u2010<jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> mRNA to the core tumor region using photo\u2010driven and hypoxia\u2010driven properties. The excellent photothermal therapeutic (PTT) properties of PSB and 2D <jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic>Mxene (Nb<jats:sub>1.33<\/jats:sub>C) trigger tumor immunogenic cell death, which boosts the release of the <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> mRNA. The released <jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic> mRNA is translated, presenting the TAA and amplifying immune effect in vivo. The designed therapeutic strategy demonstrates an excellent ability to inhibit distant tumors and counteract postsurgical lung metastasis. Thus, this study provides an innovative and effective paradigm for tumor immunotherapy, i.e., photo\u2010immunogene cancer therapy, and establishes an efficient delivery platform for mRNA vaccines, thereby opening a new path for the wide application of mRNA vaccines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202307225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T05:30:58Z","timestamp":1715664658000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Photosynthetic Bacteria\u2010Hitchhiking 2D <i>i<\/i>MXene\u2010mRNA Vaccine to Enable Photo\u2010Immunogene Cancer Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai 200032 P. R. 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