{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T22:41:57Z","timestamp":1779316917327,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"38","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62304058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62304058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52362025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52362025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have recently emerged as a promising technology for efficient water wave energy harvesting. However, there is a paucity of clear guidance regarding the optimal designs of TENGs and their shells to achieve efficient absorption and conversion of water wave energy in real random waves. Herein, from the perspective of wave\u2010body interaction and energy transfer, this paper proposes a structural quality factor (Q<jats:sub>unit<\/jats:sub>) for the quantitative evaluation of both the motion of floating triboelectric nanogenerator (Flo\u2010TENG) shells and their capability to absorb and convert water wave energy efficiently. The factor is further subdivided into the amplitude structural quality factor (Q<jats:sub>acc<\/jats:sub>), which characterizes shell motion amplitude, and the frequency structural quality factor (Q<jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>), which describes shell motion frequency. This paper systematically investigates the impact of various shell parameters such as bow shapes, curvatures, inclinations, and immersion ratios on Q<jats:sub>acc<\/jats:sub> and Q<jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>. The findings indicate that variations in shell shape result in distinct Q<jats:sub>unit<\/jats:sub> values along different axial directions of wave propagation. These variations directly influence energy absorption efficiency in these directions. These results provide fundamental guidance for the design of high\u2010performance Flo\u2010TENG shells and the selection of internal energy harvesting directions to enable more efficient energy conversion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202405165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T08:09:44Z","timestamp":1723190984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Structural Quality Factor of Flo\u2010TENG under Stochastic Wave Excitation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Dongxin","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunjin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junrui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6366-8663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingyu","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Relativistic Astrophysics Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1721-2678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanlin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak &amp; Neutrality State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life\u2010cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science &amp; Technology Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Relativistic Astrophysics Guangxi University  Nanning 530004 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro\u2010nano Energy and Sensor Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 101400 China"},{"name":"School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202202691"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2021.3053118"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202101116"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2020.3048190"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay5881"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202102460"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3056091"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3079931"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.122710"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.07.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2010.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EE02688D"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201602397"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.141354"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2023.02.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-018-1997-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","volume":"28","author":"Xiao T. X.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EE03258D"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b08674"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.1c01092"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2021.106745"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201900801"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202204407"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","volume":"31","author":"Pang H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202203219"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202305768"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202100359"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202003616"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2021.106796"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2023.108906"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2021.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202302183"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202103408"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202100065"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2021.112629"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2016.08.088"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.121397"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.142215"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9376"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2019.01.088"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-023-6035-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2024.109637"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112080000845"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112080002406"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112087001654"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112063001452"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2022.123700"}],"container-title":["Advanced Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202405165","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T22:03:15Z","timestamp":1759788195000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/advs.202405165"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"38","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/advs.202405165"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202405165","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-3844","2198-3844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-3844","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-3844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2405165"}}