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In a nationwide multicenter prospective cohort study combined with an RCT study, it is found that indexes of muscle health reveal a strong predictive relationship with cognitive performance assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Furthermore, Random Forest models suggest that lecithin can predict both diseases. Erythrocyte lipid analysis and RCT study indicate the protective function of lecithin and the potential involvement of irisin in that process. In rodent models, phosphocholine (PC) alleviates learning and memory impairments and muscle attenuation in SAMP8 mice, while FNDC5\/irisin knockdown accelerates brain and muscle damage or eliminates the protective effects of PC. Transcriptome analysis shows that PGC1\u03b1 (the regulator of FNDC5) is regulated by PC treatment, and the results of knocking out PGC1\u03b1 and FNDC5\/irisin are consistent. Here it is found that muscle\u2010secreted FNDC5\/irisin is a key target of \u201cmuscle\u2010brain\u201d crosstalk, and lecithin may postpone the progression of MCI and SA by stimulating PGC1\u03b1\u2010FNDC5\/irisin\u2010mediated cross\u2010protection of cognition and skeletal muscle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202405222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T08:41:45Z","timestamp":1748335305000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lecithin Alleviates Memory Deficits and Muscle Attenuation in Chinese Older Adults and SAMP8 Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xianyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of environment and aging, School of Public Health Capital Medical University  Beijing 100069 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