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The image quality of CE\u2010MRA is dependent on the contrast agent concentration and the parameters of the pulse sequences. Here, a closed\u2010form mathematical model is demonstrated and validated to automatically optimize the concentration, echo time (TE), repetition time (TR) and flip angle (FA). The pharmacokinetic studies are performed to estimate the dynamic intravascular concentrations within 12\u00a0h postinjection, and the adaptive concentration\u2010dependent sequence parameters are determined to achieve optimal signal enhancement during a prolonged measurement window. The presented model is tested on phantom and in vivo rat images acquired from a 3T scanner. Imaging results demonstrate excellent agreement between experimental measurements and theoretical predictions, and the adaptive sequence parameters obtain better signal enhancement than the fixed ones. The low\u2010dose PUSIONPs (0.03\u00a0mmol kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 0.05\u00a0mmol kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) give a comparable signal intensity to the high\u2010dose one (0.10\u00a0mmol kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) within 2\u00a0h postinjection. The presented mathematical model provides guidance for the optimization of the concentration and sequence parameters in PUSIONPs\u2010enhanced MRA, and has great potential for further clinical translation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202405719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T18:33:56Z","timestamp":1724265236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Using Adaptive Imaging Parameters to Improve PEGylated Ultrasmall Iron Oxide Nanoparticles\u2010Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Cang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD\u2010X) Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine 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