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Traditional treatments often fail to effectively eliminate inflammation and ensure adequate drainage, leading to prolonged healing time and a high recurrence rate. Herein, a new class of quaternized molecular brush\u2010grafted injectable microgel (denoted as GAA@CNT\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010PVBTMA) is developed through thermal polymerization and mechanical fragmentation to promote the healing process of anal fistula. Benefiting from the fragmented morphology with a porous structure, the microgel can effectively fill the fistula and facilitate the drainage of exudate. Owing to the electrostatic interactions between the positively charged quaternized carbon nanotube molecular brush (CNT\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010PVBTMA) and the negatively charged inflammatory cytokines, GAA@CNT\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010PVBTMA microgel exhibits excellent anti\u2010inflammatory properties with scavenging rates of 92.6% for tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1)\u00a0and 92.5% for interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2). Rat inflammatory anal fistula model demonstrates that the microgel can effectively reduce inflammation and epithelialization of the fistula, thereby promoting the healing of the anal fistula. By integrating effective filling, adequate drainage, and excellent anti\u2010inflammatory properties, GAA@CNT\u2010<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u2010PVBTMA microgel provides a promising new direction for the treatment of anal fistula.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202407537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T08:38:26Z","timestamp":1733733506000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Quaternized Molecular Brush\u2010Grafted Injectable Microgel with Anti\u2010Inflammatory and Drainage Properties for Efficient Therapy of Anal Fistula"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Runxian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Zhuhai 519000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengwei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siqi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Zhuhai 519000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Zhuhai 519000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinquan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Zhuhai 519000 P. R. 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