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Although many studies have reported the adverse effects of microplastics (MPs) on human, the reproductive implications of continuous exposure to physically abraded polyethylene terephthalate (PET)\u2010MPs remain unexplored. Ingestion of physically abraded PET\u2010MPs (size range: 50\u2013100\u00a0\u00b5m) in mice from 5 to 34 weeks of age at an annual intake relevant dose of MPs (5 mg\u00a0week\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) significantly impaired male reproductive function. Reductions in seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelial height are observed (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a00.0001), with 32.2% decrease in Leydig cells and 24.3% reduction in testosterone levels (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a00.05). The epididymis shows marked deterioration in all regions, with total sperm concentration significantly reduce from 17.0 \u00d7 10\u2076 to 5.3 \u00d7 10\u2076 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a00.01) and decrease motility. Transcriptome analysis demonstrates downregulation of genes related with gonadotropin\u2010releasing hormone secretion, testosterone biosynthesis, and Meiosin gene, which is for crucial spermatogenesis. Continuous ingestion of physically abraded PET\u2010MPs from plastic bottles adversely affected testicular and epididymal functions, leading to hormonal imbalances and abnormal sperm production. These findings raise concerns about the impact of commonly used plastics on male reproductive development, highlighting potential risks for future generations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202407585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T14:26:44Z","timestamp":1736778404000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Unseen Threats: The Long\u2010term Impact of PET\u2010Microplastics on Development of Male Reproductive Over a Lifetime"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Seungjin","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition Pukyong National University  Busan 48513 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering Pukyong National University  Busan 48513 Republic of 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Pukyong National University  Busan 48513 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5797-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bomi","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition Pukyong National University  Busan 48513 Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering Pukyong National University  Busan 48513 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0281596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"B.Koelmans S.Pahl T.Backhaus F.Bessa G.vanCalster N.Contzen R.Cronin T.Galloway A.Hart L.Henderson A scientific perspective on microplastics in nature and society 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