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Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) have been associated with favorable outcomes in certain cancers. However, the relationship between TLS and MIBC remains unclear. A multi\u2010omics approach is utilized, leveraging single\u2010cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, bulk RNA sequencing, and immunohistochemistry, to investigate the roles of B cells and TLS in MIBC. These findings indicate that elevated levels of B cells and TLS correlate with improved prognoses in patients with MIBC, aligning with the robust antitumor immune responses observed in the TLS region. From a mechanistic perspective, CXCL13 serves as a critical cytokine for TLS formation in MIBC, primarily secreted by clonally expanded CXCL13+ T cells. This cytokine interacts with the CXCR5 receptor on NR4A2+ B cells, promoting TLS development. Plasma cells arising within the TLS microenvironment predominantly produce the IGHG antibody, potentially enhancing the phagocytic capabilities of C1QC+ macrophages. 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This study highlights the prognostic potential of TLS in MIBC and reveals immune mechanisms, offering insights for personalized treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202410998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]],"date-time":"2024-12-30T05:43:56Z","timestamp":1735537436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Tertiary Lymphoid Structures are Linked to Enhanced Antitumor Immunity and Better Prognosis in Muscle\u2010Invasive Bladder Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jiaxing","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing 100044 China"},{"name":"Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking\u2010Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University  Beijing 100871 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