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Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a key regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, plays a pivotal role in aortic disease. However, its expression in the aortic wall during aneurysm progression and its potential correlation with disease severity remains unexplored. Here, utilizing histology the levels of FAP are higher in the aortic wall of patients with AA compared to healthy controls. In three distinct animal models of AA, a progressive increase in FAP expression, coincides with the advancement of ECM remodeling. Notably, the levels of\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010FAPI\u201004 uptake in a rabbit model of abdominal AA (AAA) is positively correlated with aortic dilation (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.84,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a00.01), and the histological examination further confirmed that regions of high\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010FAPI\u201004 uptake exhibited both increased FAP expression and more severe pathological changes.\n                    <jats:styled-content>The<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u00a0\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010FAPI\u201004 imaging in AA patients showed that the radiotracer specifically accumulated in the aortic walls of persistently dilated AA. These findings suggest that\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010FAPI\u201004 positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging, by visualizing FAP localization, allows for a non\u2010invasive approach to potentially monitor ECM remodeling during the AA progression.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202411152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T09:19:16Z","timestamp":1739524756000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Fibroblast Activation Protein Acts as a Biomarker for Monitoring ECM Remodeling During Aortic Aneurysm via\n                    <sup>68<\/sup>\n                    Ga\u2010FAPI\u201004 PET Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Chengkai","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genmao","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenye","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouji","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fandi","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enci","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheyun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiguo","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"},{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen) Zhongshan hospital Fudan University  Xiamen 361015 China"},{"name":"Xiamen Municipal Vascular Disease Precise Diagnose &amp; Treatment Lab  Xiamen 361015 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dengfeng","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9622-0870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Diagnostic Radiology Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore  Singapore 119074 Singapore"},{"name":"Clinical Imaging Research Centre Centre for Translational Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 117599 Singapore"},{"name":"Nanomedicine Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 117597 Singapore"},{"name":"Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE) Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  11 Biopolis Way, Helios Singapore 138667 Singapore"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology, and Research (A*STAR)  61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos Singapore 138673 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  180 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"},{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen) Zhongshan hospital Fudan University  Xiamen 361015 China"},{"name":"Xiamen Municipal Vascular Disease Precise Diagnose &amp; 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