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The solubility of methane is increased by putting it in contact with water containing dissolved KCl or NaCl (3%). Being fully dispersed as microbubbles (20\u201340\u00a0\u00b5m in diameter), methane reacts more fully with hydroxyl radicals (OH\u00b7) at the gas\u2010water interface. The alternating voltage (100\u00a0mV) generates two synergistic POM processes dominated by Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> \u2192 Cl\u00b7 + e<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> and O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> + e<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> \u2192 O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212\u2022<\/jats:sup> under positive and negative potentials, respectively. By tuning the frequency and amplitude, the extent and path of the POM process can be precisely controlled so that more than 90% methanol is selectively formed compared to the two byproducts, dichloromethane, and acetic acid. The methane to methanol conversion yield is estimated to be 57% at a rate of approximately 887 \u00b5M h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. This method appears to have potential for removing methane from air using seawater or for converting higher\u2010concentration methane sources into value\u2010added methanol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202412246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T05:41:07Z","timestamp":1737438067000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Methane Bubbled Through Seawater Can be Converted to Methanol With High Efficiency"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9694-6594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Stanford University  380 Roth Way Stanford, CA 94305 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6105-2822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chanbasha","family":"Basheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals  Academic Belt Road Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1187-5389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Stanford University  380 Roth Way Stanford, CA 94305 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Mustapha","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals  Academic Belt Road Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5266-4253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard N.","family":"Zare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Stanford University  380 Roth Way Stanford, CA 94305 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2016GL071930"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/11\/12\/120207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jngse.2012.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2013.08.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2023.03.240"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.6b00644"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202306891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.5b01346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.2c00439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201702550"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.1c00129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1086466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b02936"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw1108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam9035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SC02567E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2024.110187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.3c04374"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TA02793F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c09141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2023.142065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","author":"Chang J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. 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