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It is previously discovered that\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    encodes an atypical dehydrogenase\/isomerase FabX in the Type\u2010II fatty acid biosynthesis pathway to produce unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) as well as superoxide (ROS). Here, it is demonstrated that FabX is essential for\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth and gastric colonization by retaining UFA synthesis and producing ROS, respectively, and is a species\u2010specific anti\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    drug target. The first small molecule inhibitor FBX\u20101991 against FabX, which inhibits the enzymatic activity with an\n                    <jats:italic>IC<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    value of 0.158\u00a0\u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                    in vitro, is developed. FBX\u20101991 binds inside the catalytic tunnel of FabX, disrupts the conformation of the key catalytic loop, and prevents the insertion of the acyl substrate for catalysis. Further in vivo studies suggest that FBX\u20101991 inhibits the\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth by partially inhibiting UFA synthesis and ROS excretion through targeting FabX. This study identifies a species\u2010specific anti\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    drug target, FabX, and discovers the first highly potent and selective FabX inhibitor against\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, which provides the molecular basis for developing species\u2010specific anti\n                    <jats:italic>\u2010H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    chemotherapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202414844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]],"date-time":"2025-03-16T04:21:31Z","timestamp":1742098891000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Antagonist Targeting the Species\u2010Specific Fatty Acid Dehydrogenase\/Isomerase FabX for Anti\u2010\n                    <i>H. pylori<\/i>\n                    Infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3076-6993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai 200025 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxue","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Fudan University  Shanghai 201203 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xudong","family":"Hang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogen Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing Jiangsu 211166 China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control School of Tropical Medicine Hainan Medical University  Haikou Hainan 571199 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