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Effective intervention of the visual deficits is crucial for improving treatment outcomes and prognosis. In this study, a novel altered reality (AR) method is developed to improve pathway\u2010specific functions in human adults with normal vision and amblyopia, a common developmental vision disorder. To selectively enhance the parvocellular pathway, which is notably impaired in amblyopia, the low spatial frequency (SF) components of visual input are phase\u2010scrambled into fast\u2010flickering noise, while the high SF details remained intact. In normal participants, short\u2010term adaptation to this altered naturalistic environment led to selective enhancement of high SF sensitivity and visual acuity. Long\u2010term adaptation to a dichoptically modified environment produced long\u2010lasting improvement of high SF sensitivity and dominance of the weaker eye, with enhanced neural responses to high SF naturalistic stimuli. After one week of training with wearable AR glasses at home, amblyopic adults showed high treatment compliance and significant gains in visual acuity and dominance of the amblyopic eye, as well as in stereopsis. This AR\u2010based, pathway\u2010specific training method can be effective for improving visual functions in both healthy adults and patients with visual\u00a0disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202415877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T11:59:54Z","timestamp":1744027194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Improving Adult Vision Through Pathway\u2010Specific Training in Augmented Reality"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7920-9402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yige","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100101 China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 China"},{"name":"Sino\u2010Danish Center for Education and Research 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