{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T11:47:51Z","timestamp":1791892071839,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32472942"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32472942"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22A20515"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A20515"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012421","name":"Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ASTIPIAS07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ASTIPIAS07"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012421","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baicalin has been widely used for its anti\u2010inflammatory pharmacological properties, yet its effects on bacterial intestinal inflammation and the mechanisms remain unclear. This study revealed that baicalin alleviates bacterial intestinal inflammation through regulating macrophage polarization and increasing <jats:italic>Lactobacillus amylovorus<\/jats:italic> abundance in colon. Specifically, transcriptomic analysis showed that baicalin restored <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced genes expression changes including T helper cell 17 differentiation\u2010related genes, macrophage polarization related genes, and TLR\/IRF\/STAT signaling pathway. Subsequent microbial and non\u2010targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that these changes may be related to the enhancement of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus amylovorus<\/jats:italic> and the upregulation of its metabolites including chrysin, lactic acid, and indoles. Furthermore, whole\u2010genome sequencing of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus amylovorus<\/jats:italic> provided insights into its functional potential and metabolic annotations. <jats:italic>Lactobacillus amylovorus<\/jats:italic> supplementation alleviates <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced intestinal inflammation in mice and similarly inhibited M1 macrophage polarization through TLR4\/IRF\/STAT pathway. Additionally, baicalin, <jats:italic>Lactobacillus amylovorus<\/jats:italic>, or chrysin alone could regulate macrophage polarization, highlighting their independent anti\u2010inflammatory potential. Notably, this study revealed that baicalin alleviates intestinal inflammation through TLR4\/IRF\/STAT pathway and increasing <jats:italic>Lactobacillus amylovorus<\/jats:italic> abundance and the synthesis of chrysin. These findings provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of baicalin and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus amylovorus<\/jats:italic> in preventing and treating intestinal inflammation, offering key targets for future interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202415948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T00:47:41Z","timestamp":1744159661000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Mechanisms of Baicalin Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation: Role of M1 Macrophage Polarization and <i>Lactobacillus amylovorus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shunfen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 100193 China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruqing","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University  Changsha 410128 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiyuan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huixin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dadan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiugang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8748-0515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongfu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 100193 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","unstructured":"W. H. Organization Diarrhoeal disease https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/diarrhoeal\u2010disease(accessed: March 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61698-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7835284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2023.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2022.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2017.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8813558"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-024-01126-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad9358"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.13129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105444"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"23","volume":"14","author":"Sabry K.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Avicenna J. Phytomed."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.04.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2017.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3581"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.04.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v28.i26.3047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-013-0179-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO02407H"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.107033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aao4755"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2024.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2024.03.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2017.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22770"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7379"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35589"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1816410116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110505"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-0411-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13086"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-018-0190-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300823"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2024.07.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2020.4622"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/268065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111931"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0814-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106685"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.172457"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01271"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.155233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2023.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","volume":"27","author":"Nakamura F.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol. Health Dis."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2016.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00941"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.846991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202400058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113570"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-023-2346-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2017.3990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-021-02943-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01229-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2017.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111906"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-020-00688-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgad031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2019.107741"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c09820"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssynbio.0c00289"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11152296"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.04.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2021.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.113746"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-024-01750-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1785-z"}],"container-title":["Advanced Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202415948","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T09:45:16Z","timestamp":1759743916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/advs.202415948"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/advs.202415948"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202415948","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-3844","2198-3844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-3844","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-3844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2415948"}}