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However, these fixed multi\u2010viewpoint RPD systems still face a common critical challenge of imaging overlap or discontinuity when eyes rotate or under varying ambient light. To address this, an RPD AR system featuring switchable ultra\u2010dense viewpoints is presented, enabled by a photo\u2010alignment liquid crystal Dammann grating (p\u2010LCDG). The number of viewpoints reaches 49, which forms an ultra\u2010high density of diffraction lattice in front of the pupil with a record high rotation precision of 1.28\u00b0\/viewpoint, allowing for a substantial range of 36 mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    . More importantly, the spacing of adjacent viewpoints is 0.532\u00a0mm, much smaller than the minimum radius of the pupil (\u22481\u00a0mm). To facilitate viewpoint switching, a light selector is implemented, ensuring that only the light from a specific viewpoint reaches the eye, which effectively eliminates the image missing or discontinuity. By combining eye tracking technology, the viewer can consistently perceive a singular and clear image from the proposed RPD system, achieving seamless switching of viewpoints. This innovative design paves the way for high\u2010performance RPDs in AR applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202416961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T12:40:03Z","timestamp":1742215203000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Pupil\u2010Adaptive Retina Projection Augment Reality Displays With Switchable Ultra\u2010Dense Viewpoints"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3542-5715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haonan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National &amp; Local United Engineering Laboratory of Flat Panel Display Technology Fuzhou University  2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou Fujian Province 350108 China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies and Center for Display Research Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuechu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies and Center for Display Research Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhibo","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies and Center for Display Research Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengnan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies and Center for Display Research Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huajian","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National &amp; Local United Engineering Laboratory of Flat Panel Display Technology Fuzhou University  2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou Fujian Province 350108 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yipeng","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies and Center for Display Research Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man\u2010Chun","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies and Center for Display Research Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fion","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies and Center for Display Research Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoi\u2010Sing","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies and Center for Display Research Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9808-7252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National &amp; 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