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In this study, three types of all\u2010electrically controlled, field\u2010free spin synapse devices designed with unique spintronic structures presented: the N\u00e9el orange\u2010peel effect, interlayer Dzyaloshinskii\u2010Moriya interaction (i\u2010DMI), and tilted anisotropy. To systematically evaluate their neuromorphic potential, a benchmarking framework is introduced that characterizes cycle\u2010to\u2010cycle (CTC) variation, a critical factor for reliable synaptic weight updates. Among these designs, the tilted anisotropy device achieves an 11\u2010state memory with minimal CTC variation (2%), making it particularly suited for complex synaptic emulation. Through comprehensive benchmarking, this multi\u2010state device in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) using post\u2010training quantization is implemented. Results indicate that per\u2010channel quantization, particularly with the min\u2010max and mean squared error (MSE) observers, enhances classification accuracy on the CIFAR\u201010 dataset, achieving up to 81.51% and 81.12% in ResNet\u201018\u2014values that closely approach the baseline accuracy. This evaluation underscores the potential of field\u2010free spintronic synapses in neuromorphic architectures, offering an area\u2010efficient solution that integrates multi\u2010state functionality with robust switching performance. The findings highlight the promise of these devices in advancing neuromorphic computing, contributing to energy\u2010efficient, high\u2010performance systems inspired by neural processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202417735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T06:19:27Z","timestamp":1745648367000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["All\u2010Electrical Control of Spin Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing: Bridging Multi\u2010State Memory with Quantization for Efficient Neural Networks"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5483-7163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tzu\u2010Chuan","family":"Hsin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7246-3535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun\u2010Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4353-2974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po\u2010Chuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6723-8302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi\u2010Feng","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/85.238389"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-022-01213-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-020-3227-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"19","volume":"107","author":"Aly M. 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