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In this study, a novel CAF subgroup, MMP11\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    mCAF is identified, through single\u2010cell RNA sequencing, which accumulates progressively during bladder cancer progression and is significantly associated with poor prognosis. This cell population regulates the migration of tip endothelial cell clusters (ESM1\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    tEC) via the WNT5A\u2010MCAM signaling axis, and modulates the expression of key transcription factors,\n                    <jats:italic>SOX18<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>NFIC<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>HOXB9<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Additionally, MMP11\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    mCAFs recruit SPP1\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    macrophages through CCL11\/CCL2, promoting VEGFA secretion, which further enhances the pro\u2010angiogenic activity of ESM1\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    tECs. Furthermore, interferon\u2010associated basal\u2010like tumor cells secrete BMP2, which induces the expression and activity of NFE2L3, a transcription factor specific to MMP11\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    mCAFs, promoting\n                    <jats:italic>WNT5A<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression. Mouse experiments confirmed that inhibiting BMP2 can suppress tumor angiogenesis and growth in bladder cancer. Pan\u2010cancer analysis revealed that MMP11\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    mCAFs are present across various cancer types, including breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. These findings provide insights into the heterogeneity of CAFs and their regulatory role in tumor progression, offering new potential therapeutic targets for CAF\u2010targeted treatments with broad applicability across cancers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202502774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T06:27:31Z","timestamp":1750746451000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Single\u2010Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies MMP11\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    Cancer\u2010Associated Fibroblasts as Drivers of Angiogenesis and Bladder Cancer Progression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Wuwu","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Institute of Shenzhen University The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital) Shenzhen 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