{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:39:26Z","timestamp":1787611166273,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"41","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023581","name":"National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DGE2140739"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DGE2140739"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023581","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7DP2GM149553\u201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7DP2GM149553\u201002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Babesiosis \u2013 a globally emerging tick\u2010borne infectious disease primarily caused by the intraerythrocytic piroplasm parasite,\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2013 has traditionally been studied using animal models such as mice. Compared to animal models, microfluidic\u2010based models offer advantages, including direct analysis of human samples (such as patient blood), enhanced assay capacity (including physical\/optical access, consistency, and throughput), low costs, and easy adoption. Here, an open microfluidic platform named \u201c\u00b5\u2010Blood\u201d is reported for real\u2010time continuous monitoring\n                    <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection dynamics in vitro. Compared to other microfluidic\u2010based models, \u00b5\u2010Blood allows direct examination of infected and uninfected whole blood without preprocessing steps like blood dilution or cell isolation, minimizing observer artifacts and preserving the natural whole blood microenvironment. The system enables extended (72\u00a0h) monitoring of infection dynamics, including parasite identification, parasitemia measurement, and parasite\u2013host cell interactions, using label\u2010free phase contrast and fluorescence confocal microscopy. With its open microfluidic configuration, \u00b5\u2010Blood provides an in vitro model for studying blood\u2010borne infection dynamics while maintaining integrity of the whole blood microenvironment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202508185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T13:34:07Z","timestamp":1754919247000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["In Vitro Monitoring of\n                    <i>Babesia microti<\/i>\n                    Infection Dynamics in Whole Blood Microenvironments"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily G.","family":"Bache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy L.","family":"Apgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle M.","family":"Tufts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases University of Pretoria  Pretoria 0110 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3018-5419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tagbo H. 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