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Here,\n                    <jats:italic>Odoribacter splanchnicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>O. splanchnicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is indentified as a taxon depleted in human IBD cohorts and demonstrated its protective effects in acute and chronic murine colitis models. In mice,\n                    <jats:italic>O. splanchnicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    administration alleviated colonic inflammation and preserved barrier integrity, accompanied by a restructured mucosal immune landscape and reduced neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. This inhibitory effect on NETs is lost in\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      Pad4\n                      <jats:sup>\u2010\/\u2010<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    mice, highlighting its dependence on NETs formation machinery. Metabolomic profiling showed that\n                    <jats:italic>O. splanchnicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    treatment elevated the secondary bile acid lithocholic acid (LCA). This increase is lost following antibiotic cocktail treatment and restored by fecal microbiota transplantation from\n                    <jats:italic>O. splanchnicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010treated donors, demonstrating a requirement for an intact gut microbiota. Mechanistically, LCA supplementation recapitulated the anti\u2010NETs formation phenotype and suppressed colonic inflamation by inhibiting the NLRP3\u2010GSDMD signaling pathway. Together, these findings define a gut microbiota\u2010metabolite\u2010neutrophil axis in IBD pathogenesis, highlighting the microbiota\u2010dependent regulation of LCA as a key protective mechanism of\n                    <jats:italic>O. splanchnicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202509073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T12:34:31Z","timestamp":1758717271000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Secondary Bile Acids Modified by\n                    <i>Odoribacter Splanchnicus<\/i>\n                    Alleviate Colitis by Suppressing Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology the Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine South 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