{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T23:37:13Z","timestamp":1793144233148,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"35","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753660800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP230101694"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP230101694"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE230100327"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE230100327"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is pivotal to sustainable energy storage and conversion technologies. Yet, its sluggish kinetics in acidic media and reliance on expensive noble metal catalysts limit its efficiency in these applications. Spinel cobalt(II, III) oxide (Co<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)\u2010based catalysts are cost\u2010effective alternatives with high theoretical catalytic activity. However, their practical deployment is hindered by their poor stability in acidic electrolytes. This review critically examines recent advances in enhancing the stability of spinel Co<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010based catalysts for acidic OER. The fundamental reaction mechanisms of acidic OER are first analyzed to illustrate how different catalyst design strategies can be used to improve their stability. Next, five key catalyst design strategies reported in recent studies are summarized: 1) constructing protective surface layers, 2) modulating reaction pathways, 3) controlling cobalt redox dynamics, 4) tuning cobalt\u2010oxygen covalency, and 5) stabilizing lattice oxygen. Further, recent research progress in understanding the structure\u2010activity\u2010stability relationship of spinel Co<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010based catalysts is summarized, with a focus on identifying their catalytically active sites, tracking surface reconstruction, and elucidating degradation mechanisms. This review ends with a discussion of future research directions for addressing key challenges in realizing durable, high\u2010performance Co<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010based catalysts for acidic OER applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202509415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T13:00:03Z","timestamp":1753707603000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Advances in Stabilizing Spinel Cobalt Oxide\u2010Based Catalysts for Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Chengli","family":"Rong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney  Darlington New South Wales 2006 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiexin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamidreza","family":"Arandiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC) School of Science RMIT University  Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongping","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WA School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Curtin University  Perth WA 6845 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Melbourne  VIC 3010 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9059-3839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney  Darlington New South Wales 2006 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202002453"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202211884"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CS00607A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202110103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19212-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202003786"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202216645"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.5c02132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.8b00696"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EE01609H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202002412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15341"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.6b03497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202100614"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TA03905F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202107342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201813361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-023-01091-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE00977K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE01783H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2024.124367"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE01588F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201606570"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202402171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.8b02689"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201502696"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4686(00)00716-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b02879"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9625"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c10515"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b10525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202404007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23896-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.85.235438"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.corsci.2007.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.201000397"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja5003197"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelechem.2010.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4778"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.9b01758"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202107956"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.5b01832"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202416362"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.3c02171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c05849"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TA08541K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2016.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32024-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2006.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c12431"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TA00655K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.4c04164"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23390-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202401818"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47409-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.1874"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c04867"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-018-0141-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c04867"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23896-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202402356"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE03982C"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.3c01631"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20314-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.9b04317"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-020-0465-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.8b00426"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2022.126361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2023.03.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201802912"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.7b04534"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE00977K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202112870"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-019-0355-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202108465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CS00328A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1EE03915F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.1c00234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-022-01380-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-021-00732-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtphys.2024.101641"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c12431"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-01022-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02300"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.4c00701"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA00070K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.9b00868"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ade1499"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja405997s"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.5b01196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jz501077u"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CP02876K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.05.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnanoscienceau.4c00037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE00058G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.142745"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c01525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c07267"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep12167"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.61.13445"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2010.02.025"}],"container-title":["Advanced Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202509415","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202509415","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T09:00:42Z","timestamp":1761037242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/advs.202509415"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"35","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/advs.202509415"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202509415","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-3844","2198-3844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-3844","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-3844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e09415"}}