{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:02:27Z","timestamp":1792598547189,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"42","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82102804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82370444"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370444"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82003741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82003741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82300904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82300904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12411530127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12411530127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Routine health examinations for healthy adults typically involve measurements such as height, weight, blood biochemistry, complete blood count, and urinalysis. However, the current scope of physical examinations has expanded to include numerous tests, some of which have questionable insight into underlying pathology. In this study, we analyzed 26,289 samples from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) database, along with 49 included indicators, to systematically explore the correlation between conventional indicators and various diseases. Our aim was to establish new diagnostic and predictive indicators. Initially, the top 10 diagnostic and predictive indicators for five disease categories, namely cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, liver diseases, cancer, and comorbidities, are identified, and the reliability of the routine test indicators is emphasized. Moreover, GLM7 (glycolipid metabolism 7 factors), a novel indicator integrating seven routine factors, has been developed. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and forest plot evaluations reveal its relationships and risk thresholds across diseases. An extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model using these factors exhibits excellent predictive performance in both the NHANES discovery and CHARLS (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study) validation cohorts. This study confirms conventional indicators' efficacy and introduces GLM7 as a tool for disease diagnosis\/prediction, providing new insights into precise disease management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202510552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T13:21:27Z","timestamp":1756387287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["GLM7 \u2013 A Novel Composite Glycolipid Index Derived from Routine Health Indicators for Enhanced Diagnosis and Prediction of Multimorbidity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei 230001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei 230001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei 230001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei 230001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul C","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William Harvey Research Institute Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London EC1M6BQ United\u00a0Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Strijdom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cardio\u2010metabolic Research in Africa Division of Medical Physiology ,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University Cape Town 8000 South\u00a0Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei 230001 China"},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health and Panvascular Diseases Hefei 230001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei 230001 China"},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health and Panvascular Diseases Hefei 230001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5488-5217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suowen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei 230001 China"},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health and Panvascular Diseases Hefei 230001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2006099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb1214197"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1165381"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.6424"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume":"22","author":"Tai\u2010Seale M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2024.111965"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb1503104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1500523"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-023-00877-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"1982","volume":"148","author":"Khan S. S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Heart Association, Circulation."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"694","volume":"20","author":"Kotsiliti E.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02572-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02308-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02144-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S520688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2017.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.22558"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01511-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae415"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-136-9-200205070-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.6524"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00367-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2020.112621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-2153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.104981"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.716"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-023-03451-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1417485"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.13213"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2024.105582"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02446-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-023-05958-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-02047-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202410527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2023.3307215"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-77"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S462951"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202409488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-023-02684-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-024-01265-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-018-2405-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","first-page":"0618","volume":"8","author":"Wang Z.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Research (Wash D C)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2023.2269280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-07619-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.6b00591"}],"container-title":["Advanced Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202510552","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T11:30:21Z","timestamp":1763119821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/advs.202510552"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"42","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/advs.202510552"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202510552","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-3844","2198-3844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-3844","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-3844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e10552"}}