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Probiotic colonization has been increasingly highlighted for its potential to modulate susceptibility and progression of such diseases. Considering the adhesion\u2010 and colonization\u2010related challenges posed by multiple physiological and pathological characteristics in the intestine, a microenvironment self\u2010adaptive nanoarmor is developed. Partially acetylated chitosan oligosaccharides (CS) were employed to tune the adaptability and responsiveness of nanoarmor, enabling efficient interaction with the intestinal interface under dynamic conditions. Notably, Chitinase\u20103\u2010like protein 1 (CHI3L1), an inflammation\u2010related secreted glycoprotein, served as a colonized niche to facilitate probiotics colonization in pathological microenvironments by leveraging the specific interaction between chitin\u2010like fragment and CHI3L1. By combining the intestinal microenvironment self\u2010adaptive nanoarmor with the inherent anti\u2010inflammatory properties of\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ST\u2010III (\n                    <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), the nanocoated bacteria demonstrated significantly improved performance in alleviating intestinal mucosal inflammation, restoring gut barrier integrity, and reestablishing microbial homeostasis. Furthermore, the nanocoated bacteria showed significant therapeutic potential in treating Parkinson's disease (PD), a model for extraintestinal disorders, as evidenced by their ability to improve motor behavior disorders, reduce dopaminergic neuronal death, and mitigate neuroimmune responses. This approach proposes new insights into the living therapeutics for the treatment of extraintestinal diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202510628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T11:29:41Z","timestamp":1768390181000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Microenvironment Self\u2010Adaptive Nanoarmor to Address Adhesion\u2010 and Colonization\u2010Related Obstacles in Impaired Intestine Promote Bacteriotherapy Against Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4114-6148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Limeng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Perioperative Medicine Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Wenzhou Zhejiang P. R. 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