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Current therapies primarily target immune suppression but show limited efficacy in barrier repair. Here, carbon dots derived from the Chinese herbal medicine\n                    <jats:italic>Dendrobium officinale (DO\u2010CDs)<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which exhibit antioxidant enzyme activity, are synthesized using a hydrothermal method. These DO\u2010CDs, characterized by an abundance of surface functional groups, are demonstrated to scavenge ROS, suppress M1 macrophage polarization, as well as downregulate pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine expression. In both acute and chronic colitis models, DO\u2010CDs demonstrate multimodal barrier\u2010repair properties. It is shown that DO\u2010CDs can notably restore colon length, reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and enhance both the quantity of goblet cells and the expression of mucins. Furthermore, the expression of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins is significantly upregulated following DO\u2010CDs treatment, thereby effectively strengthening the intestinal epithelial barrier function. Importantly, DO\u2010CDs modulate the Th1\/Treg ratio by downregulating the proportions of dendritic cells and M1 macrophages, thus reestablishing intestinal immune homeostasis. These coordinated actions on the mucus\u2010epithelium\u2010immune triad demonstrate the unique capacity of DO\u2010CDs for holistic barrier reconstruction. The work provides a mechanistic foundation for herbal precursor\u2010derived carbon dots as multi\u2010target therapeutics in IBD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202512567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T07:55:51Z","timestamp":1760687751000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Dendrobium Officinale\u2010Derived Carbon Dots Nanozymes Alleviate Colitis by Orchestrating Intestinal Mucus\u2010Epithelium\u2010Immune Barriers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Chenxi","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"},{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region  Urumqi Xinjiang 830001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyedalireza","family":"Ghazimirsaeid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology XD Group Hospital  Xi'an Shaanxi 710077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bowen","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junlong","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710077 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organ Procurement and Allocation The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4686-6526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingzhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"},{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","first-page":"648","volume":"319","author":"Friedrich M. 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