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Its applications are retarded by issues associated with its practical chemical synthesis and sensing selectivity. Herein, a chemically tunable strategy is established for in situ growth of p\u2010MoS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    with controlled thickness and n\u2010\/p\u2010type transition on N\u2010 and Fe\u2010enriched carbon (FeNC) nanosheets. The introduced sulfur vacancies (S\n                    <jats:sub>vacs<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) enhance the sensitivity to CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and the modulated electron distribution suppresses surface oxygen ionization to improve sensing selectivity. The optimized p\u2010type composites can detect CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    fluctuation levels as low as 50\u00a0ppm at room temperature. Density functional theory (DFT) and grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations clarify the underlying mechanisms. A visualized machine learning (ML) model is developed using a hybrid ML strategy that generates regression surfaces from linear\/nonlinear data. Through this model, a single sensor accurately discriminates CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    from interfering and predicts its concentration and humidity with accuracies exceeding 95%. An intelligent sensing system capable of environmental monitoring and tracking exhaled CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    is demonstrated. The measured fluctuations strongly correlate with physiological indicators, underscoring their potential for non\u2010invasive health monitoring and medical diagnostics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202512595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T12:20:23Z","timestamp":1761308423000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Grow p\u2010type MoS\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    on FeNC for CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Sensing in Complex Environments with Intelligent Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4324-7030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuefeng","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University  Xiamen 361005 China"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry Stockholm University  Stockholm 10691 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University  Xiamen 361005 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Stockholm University  Stockholm 10691 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gongjie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University  Xiamen 361005 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadaf Saeedi","family":"Garakani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology  Gothenburg 41296 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University  Xiamen 361005 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Stockholm University  Stockholm 10691 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1016-5135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Stockholm University  Stockholm 10691 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1462-4354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiuhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University  Xiamen 361005 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.4c00429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.2c00688"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"X.Lan P.Tans K.Thoning Global Monthly Mean CO2Data Mauna Loa Observatory NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) U.S. Department of Commerce 2023 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