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This study investigates the role of adaptor protein complex 2 subunit mu 1 (AP2M1) in hematopoiesis and drug response. Utilizing multimodal analyses on bone marrow samples from AML patients and healthy controls, zebrafish models, and human AML cell lines, it is identified that dysregulation of AP2M1 impairs hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) development, underscoring its critical role in hematopoiesis. AP2M1 expression distinctly differentiates normal from malignant cells, surpassing well\u2010recognized cancer stem cell markers, ATP\u2010binding cassette transporters, known for drug efflux and chemoresistance. Elevated AP2M1 levels in AML HSPCs correlate with poor clinical outcomes, as its overexpression reduces apoptosis, enhances stemness, and increases drug resistance. In vivo experiments reveal that AP2M1 directly modulates Notch1 expression, amplifying pro\u2010tumorigenic effects through the Notch1 signaling pathway. These findings highlight the pivotal role of AP2M1 in AML pathogenesis, primarily through its regulation of NOTCH1 expression and signaling cascades. 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