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Through an integrated study design, this study demonstrates that maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is potentially associated with increased risk of IBD, Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) in offspring. In addition, individuals who started smoking in adolescence have a higher risk of developing CD and IBD. Mechanistically, MSDP\u2010associated DNA methylation alterations in\n                    <jats:italic>ADCY7<\/jats:italic>\n                    (newborn),\n                    <jats:italic>AKAP8L<\/jats:italic>\n                    (newborn),\n                    <jats:italic>TIGD7<\/jats:italic>\n                    (newborn), and\n                    <jats:italic>TNF\/LTA<\/jats:italic>\n                    (across life stages) are significantly correlated with increased risk of CD in offspring; MSDP\u2010induced DNA methylation changes in\n                    <jats:italic>PRRT1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (newborn),\n                    <jats:italic>AHRR<\/jats:italic>\n                    (across life stages), and\n                    <jats:italic>MYO1G<\/jats:italic>\n                    (across life stages) show significant associations with UC risk in offspring. Notably, the alterations of DNA methylation status within\n                    <jats:italic>AHRR<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>MYO1G<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>TNF\/LTA<\/jats:italic>\n                    loci associated with smoking exposure are present throughout the life course. Collectively, MSDP may serve as an independent risk factor for IBD in offspring, and active smoking during adolescence may cause increased risk of developing CD and IBD. MSDP may contribute to IBD susceptibility by inducing persistent DNA methylation alterations at multiple developmental stages.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202516704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T05:28:39Z","timestamp":1768195719000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tobacco Smoke Exposure From Prenatal To Adolescent Periods Drives IBD Pathogenesis: Dynamic DNA Methylation Signatures Across Lifespan Stages"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8414-6378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Big Data in Health Science The Second Affiliated Hospital School of Public Health Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology The Shaanxi Provincial Key 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