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We developed a novel PET probe,\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010DOTA\u2010linagliptin (abbreviated as\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010linagliptin), which targets dipeptidyl peptidase\u20104 (DPP4), to assess its potential in detecting myocarditis. Western blotting and immunostaining showed an elevated cardiac DPP4 expression in mice with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) myocarditis. Single\u2010cell sequencing analysis and cardiac flow cytometry further revealed that the elevated DPP4 expression predominantly originated from infiltrating immune cells, including T cells, dendritic cells, and B cells. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations, together with a DPP4 enzyme inhibition assay, demonstrated high\u2010affinity and direct binding between\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010linagliptin and DPP4.\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010linagliptin showed favorable pharmacokinetics in vivo and shows significantly higher probe uptake in DPP4\u2010overexpressing cells in vitro and in vivo. PET\/CT imaging revealed pronounced\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010linagliptin accumulation within the inflamed myocardium of mice with myocarditis, with minimal uptake in control animals. The PET\/CT signal distribution closely matched histologically identified inflammatory regions. Moreover, pretreatment with the unlabeled precursor drug linagliptin effectively attenuated inflammation and improved cardiac function in CVB3\u2010infected mice. These findings indicate that\n                    <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ga\u2010linagliptin enables sensitive and non\u2010invasive visualization of cardiac inflammation and may offer combined diagnostic and therapeutic benefits for viral myocarditis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202516904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T15:34:48Z","timestamp":1776267288000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PET Imaging of Cardiac Inflammation in Viral Myocarditis Using a DPP4\u2010Targeted Probe"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wanhao","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Tongji Hospital Huazhong University 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Medicine Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Tongji Hospital Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Tongji Hospital Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Tongji Hospital Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Rajagopalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute School of Medicine University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Of Nuclear Medicine Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jixin","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology Fujian Medical University Union Hospital  Fuzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan 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