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The decline of Rhg1's effectiveness due to its continuous use creates an urgent need for alternative genetic sources to sustain SCN resistance. Although pathogen effectors are known to perturb host circadian clocks in other plant\u2010pathogen systems, whether and how plant\u2010parasitic nematodes interfere with the host clock to promote virulence remains unexplored. Here, we report that the soybean circadian clock gates rhythmic defense against SCN, and its core component, GmCCA1, plays a dual role in both circadian regulation and pathogen defense. Surprisingly, overexpression of\n                    <jats:italic>GmCCA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    disrupts circadian rhythms but confers sustained resistance against SCN by activating defense genes both within and beyond the\n                    <jats:italic>Rhg1<\/jats:italic>\n                    locus, including various\n                    <jats:italic>pathogenesis\u2010related<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>resistance<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes. On the pathogen side, we identify Hg4E02\u2014an evolutionarily conserved effector in plant\u2010parasitic nematodes\u2014as a transcriptional regulator that directly binds to the promoters of multiple clock genes via novel cis\u2010elements, suppressing their expression. Hg4E02 also represses defense gene expression to enhance virulence. Notably, we uncover a previously unknown layer of antagonism: GmCCA1 and Hg4E02 exert opposing effects on both defense genes and translation\u2010related genes. GmCCA1 inhibits translation and root growth, whereas Hg4E02 promotes translation, likely facilitating nutrient acquisition for the nematode. Collectively, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which a nematode effector directly targets the host circadian clock and translation machinery to promote parasitism, and proposes GmCCA1 as a promising engineering target for enhancing SCN resistance in soybean.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202518591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T10:42:59Z","timestamp":1778150579000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hijacking the Host Clock: A Nematode Effector Antagonizes Soybean Circadian Defense and Translation Control"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xingwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Gene Function and Modulation Research School of Life Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Center For Life Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University  Fuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Gene Function and Modulation Research School of Life Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Center For Life Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology Entomology and Microbiology Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changtian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Gene Function and Modulation Research School of Life Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Center For Life Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University  Fuzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology Entomology and Microbiology Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick","family":"Masonbrink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Informatics Facility Office of Biotechnology Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology Entomology and Microbiology Iowa State University  Ames Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Gene Function and Modulation Research School of Life Sciences Peking University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Center For Life Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yabo","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Gene Function and Modulation Research School of Life Sciences Peking 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