{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T16:13:11Z","timestamp":1788883991339,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42307169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42307169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42577136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42577136"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U25A20803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U25A20803"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004739","name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023321"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The environmental accumulation of non\u2010antibiotic pharmaceuticals is an emerging driver of antibiotic resistance. While individual compounds are known to shape the soil resistome, and contaminant diversity also plays a role, the impact of pharmaceutical diversity on the gut resistome of soil invertebrates remains unclear. Here, we combined metagenomics and metaproteomics to examine the collembolan gut and soil resistome across a gradient of pharmaceutical diversity under diurnal warming. Increasing pharmaceutical diversity at a constant total concentration significantly enriched antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbiome, with no comparable effect in surrounding soils. This enrichment was mainly driven by multidrug resistance associated with efflux activity and biofilm\u2010related processes, accompanied by increases in ARG\u2010carrying taxa such as\n                    <jats:italic>Gordonia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Ochrobactrum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Notably,\n                    <jats:italic>Ochrobactrum<\/jats:italic>\n                    encoded biofilm\u2010related aryl polyene pathways. In vitro experiments confirmed that biofilm formation promotes resistance through coordinated cellular responses. Metaproteomic data indicated that\n                    <jats:italic>Ochrobactrum<\/jats:italic>\n                    initiates early biofilm formation by recruiting extracellular matrix producers such as\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Diurnal warming modulated these responses, indicating an interaction between chemical diversity and climate stress. These findings identify pharmaceutical diversity as an independent driver of ARG enrichment in host\u2010associated microbiomes and establish chemical complexity as a key factor in assessing the ecological risks of pharmaceutical pollution.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202518849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T11:58:07Z","timestamp":1776081487000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diversity of Pharmaceuticals Enhances Antibiotic Resistance in the Invertebrate Gut via Biofilm\u2010Mediated Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yi\u2010Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Ningbo Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xiamen China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port\u2010Petrochemical Industry CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya\u2010Ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Ningbo Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xiamen China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Ningbo Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xiamen China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010Yang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Ningbo Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xiamen China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng\u2010Yuan","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Research Center for Eco\u2010Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui\u2010Ling","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Research Center for Eco\u2010Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui\u2010Jie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of Education College of Environmental Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Research Center for Eco\u2010Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Topp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London Research and Development Centre (LRDC) Agriculture and Agri\u2010Food Canada London Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0826-6423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Ningbo Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xiamen China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port\u2010Petrochemical Industry CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias C.","family":"Rillig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Berlin\u2010Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Guan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Ningbo Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xiamen China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port\u2010Petrochemical Industry CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun  Ningbo China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Research Center for Eco\u2010Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(24)01867\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579\u2010021\u201000649\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010025\u201061606\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201049240\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01144-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c07822"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579\u2010023\u201000926\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5827"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2019.1552135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c05659"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126736"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c02384"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b05592"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25979"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2535653123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c06042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201054237\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.119060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c02177"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c05982"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01150-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396\u2010018\u20100275\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396\u2010020\u20100679\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.124926"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010025\u201064557\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2022.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966\u2010842X(00)01913\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579\u2010021\u201000650\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542\u20105196(24)00273\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558\u2010018\u20100161\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559\u2010025\u201002740\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2223"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559\u2010022\u201001944\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b07166"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2009.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.LeeandJ.Romeroeds. (Core Writing Team) IPCC Sections inClimate Change 2023: Synthesis Report Contribution of Working Groups I II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC 2023):35\u2013115.","DOI":"10.59327\/IPCC\/AR6-9789291691647.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c03075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42832\u2010019\u20100002\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579\u2010018\u20100048\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201035410\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147131"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275\u2010017\u20106408\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2020.101307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35016007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2023\u20100070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579\u2010023\u201000877\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ismejo\/wraf044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.6.3195-3204.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2023.103322"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade2610"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c01899"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579\u2010022\u201000791\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44259\u2010024\u201000046\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","article-title":"Global Analyses of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Phytobiomes Reveal Strong Phylogenetic Conservation of Terpenes and Aryl Polyenes","volume":"8","author":"Mukherjee A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522\u2010021\u201000226\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201500474"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201043352\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201031936\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay2832"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018\u2010017\u20102514\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202417315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13385"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010025\u201056410\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2009.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.112698"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI\u201012\u201017\u20100290\u2010R"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.123363"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522\u2010020\u201000148\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137970"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.135881"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf404282y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2011.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01081-23"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102105\u201011\u2010119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts565"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1923"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giab008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.5969107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2022.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00991-22","article-title":"Mobileog\u2010db: A Manually Curated Database of Protein Families Mediating the Life Cycle of Bacterial Mobile Genetic Elements","volume":"88","author":"Connor L. B.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201029283\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0541-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.186072.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac672"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab335"}],"container-title":["Advanced Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202518849","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/advs.202518849","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202518849","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T21:11:22Z","timestamp":1783113082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/advs.202518849"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"37","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/advs.202518849"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202518849","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-3844","2198-3844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-3844","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-3844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e18849"}}