{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T11:04:31Z","timestamp":1775127871529,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81973945"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973945"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82174497"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82174497"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82505741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82505741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025M780913"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M780913"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Accumulating evidence implicates that disrupted ovarian neurovascular coupling is a vital driver for polycystic ovary syndrome. Electroacupuncture (EA), as a form of peripheral neuromodulation, offers a potential therapeutic avenue to restore this coupling and improve ovarian function. However, how neural regulation leads to vascular changes remains unclear. Conventional histological and imaging methods cannot capture either immediate or long\u2010term effects of EA on neurovascular dynamics, as they are limited by the lack of real\u2010time and continuous in vivo visualization. Here, core\u2013shell lanthanide nanocrystals \u03b1\u2010NaYbF\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    :2%Er,2%Ce@NaYF\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    showed deep\u2010tissue penetration in the second near\u2010infrared long\u2010wavelength region (NIR\u2010II\u2010L, 1500\u20131900\u00a0nm). Moreover, it could achieve real\u2010time and high\u2010resolution visualization of EA\u2010induced structural and functional changes in the ovarian blood vessels. Our results showed that immediate EA (iEA) at specific parameters and acupoints transiently induced ovarian vasodilation, while cumulative EA (cEA) further strengthened sympathetic\u2010vascular coupling, leading to sustained improvements in local perfusion and follicular development. Additionally, we validated that these effects were dependent on the neurovascular coupling mediator Netrin\u20101, an axon guidance molecule increasingly recognized for its role in arterial innervation and blood flow regulation in peripheral organs. This study elucidated parameter\u2010specific mechanisms by which EA regulated ovarian function and proposed a visualizable strategy for in vivo analysis of neurovascular structural\u2010functional remodeling.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202520847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T14:53:22Z","timestamp":1769525602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Real\u2010Time and High\u2010Resolution NIR\u2010II\u2010L Imaging of Netrin\u20101\u2010Mediated Neurovascular Coupling Driven by Dose\u2010Dependent Electroacupuncture"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5501-7998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yicong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3322-1489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zi\u2010Han","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry College of Smart Materials and Future Energy New Cornerstone Science Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Ichem Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8813-633X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Gynecology Department  Suzhou City Jiangsu Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1077-9305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2338-1367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3890-5553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science Eye &amp; ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuze","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics Shanghai Proton and Heavy lon Center  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuehao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2281-4375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7928-2678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuning","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuyan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7886-6144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry College of Smart Materials and Future Energy New Cornerstone Science Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Ichem Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7156-6023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Fudan Zhangjiang Institute  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2024.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.23769"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572\u2010024\u201000511\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e13991"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joim.2022.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.978280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010021\u201004001\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1115569"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/cm9.0000000000003074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00474"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1285269"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44810"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.636600"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.95164"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201079947\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00349"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70327"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2024.217094"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2025.111192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.692508"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.858587"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551\u2010024\u201001247\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.07.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202204782"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010017\u201000917\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587\u2010019\u20100262\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377\u2010021\u201000628\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202311883"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803210115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201040728\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202416893"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565\u2010023\u201001422\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2022.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048\u2010023\u201001109\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202414129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1295061"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci75181"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci76622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010023\u201006367\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.0549\u201015.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1045942"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304\u20103959(98)00142\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12576\u2010014\u20100324\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.04.070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.107643"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123\u2010199410000\u201000018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964\u2010021\u201000755\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286\u2010010\u20100065\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103\u2010016\u20101953\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201036510\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201803417"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abi8683"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735\u2010022\u201010069\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010025\u201056328\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0860567"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092\u20108674(02)00757\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477\u20107827\u20104\u201018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2014.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2004.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640\u2010018\u20109885\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.09.028"}],"container-title":["Advanced Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202520847","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/advs.202520847","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.202520847","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T10:19:43Z","timestamp":1775125183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/advs.202520847"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/advs.202520847"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202520847","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-3844","2198-3844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-3844","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-3844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e20847"}}