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While immunosuppressive cells and molecules in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are known to impair CAR\u2010T function, these are not CAR\u2010T\u2010specific barriers. Using multiple mouse models, we found that the impact of CAR\u2010T cells on tumor growth is dose\u2010dependent, capable of promoting, having no effect on, or inhibiting tumor growth. Mechanistically, tumor\u2010infiltrating CAR\u2010T cells play a dual role: they release antitumor effector molecules (e.g., IFN\u2010\u03b3, TNF\u2010\u03b1), but also produce CCL5, which promotes tumor growth by inducing VEGF and angiogenesis. CCL5\u2010mediated protumor activity was identified as a key limiting factor for CAR\u2010T efficacy. Importantly, combining CCL5\u2010knockout CAR\u2010T cells with the CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy. These findings reveal a mechanism constraining CAR\u2010T function in solid tumors and suggest promising combination strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202521975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T11:01:47Z","timestamp":1778065307000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhancing CAR\u2010T Cell Efficacy in Solid Tumors by Inhibiting CCL5\/VEGF\u2010Mediated Angiogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Shishuo","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Institute Cellular Therapeutics School of Medicine Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou Jiangsu P.R. China"},{"name":"Center of Clinical Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou Jiangsu P.R. 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