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This energy requirement can be reduced by replacing the anodic oxygen evolution reaction to thermodynamic favorable small\u2010molecules oxidation reactions. In this work, anodic formaldehyde oxidation reaction (FOR) in alkaline media was paired with cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media to establish a thermodynamically downhill system. The utilization of electrochemical neutralization energy in a hybrid alkaline\u2010acidic electrolyte configuration enables a further decrease in \u0394\n                    <jats:sub>r<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u03b8<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Therefore, the resulting hybrid alkaline\u2010acidic formaldehyde\u2010proton fuel cell (FPFC) exhibits a significantly reduced \u0394\n                    <jats:sub>r<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u03b8<\/jats:sup>\n                    of \u2212101.5\u00a0kJ mol\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . A bifunctional Ru\u2010doped Cu catalyst (Ru\u2500Cu NTs@CM) was designed and synthesized to simultaneously promote the kinetics of acidic HER and alkaline FOR, demonstrating superior catalytic activity and durability to pristine Cu and Ru catalysts. This catalyst enabled concurrent bipolar H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    production and electricity generation from the assembled FPFC, reaching a peak power density of 18.3\u00a0mW cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 53.4\u00a0mA cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    . A combination of (quasi) in situ characterizations and theoretical calculations unveiled the important mechanistic role of Ru\u2010doping in enhancing the Cu catalyst's activity and stability.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202522899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T12:22:16Z","timestamp":1768911736000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bipolar Hydrogen Production from a Hybrid Alkaline\u2010Acidic Formaldehyde\u2010Proton Fuel Cell"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Feifan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci\u2010Tech University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci\u2010Tech University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6145-3877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lvlv","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci\u2010Tech University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology  Eggenstein\u2010Leopoldshafen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci\u2010Tech University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and 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