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This study established a systematic engineered\n                    <jats:italic>Yarrowia lipolytica<\/jats:italic>\n                    platform for efficient SCA production and assessing the anti\u2010colitis efficacy of SCA as a novel therapeutic lipid. First, production of eicosadienoic acid (EDA) was biosynthesized by iterative expression of endogenous polyunsaturated fatty acid desaturase and \u03949 elongase. Different \u03945 desaturases were screened to identify high\u2010activity enzymes capable of catalyzing EDA\u2010CoA substrates, bypassing the rate\u2010limiting step of phosphatidylcholine (PC)\u2010bound substrate catalysis. Further, combined with the deletion of the \u03b2\u2010oxidation pathway, enhancement of triglyceride assembly and malonyl\u2010CoA supply, the resulting strain overproduced 195.5 mg\/L SCA in shake flasks. Under optimized bioreactor fermentation, SCA yield reached 1.2 g\/L with glucose, representing the high level of SCA production reported in\n                    <jats:italic>Y. lipolytica<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Finally, SCA significantly ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) \u2010induced colitis in mice, demonstrating dose\u2010dependent improvements in disease activity index, colon histopathology, and pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine suppression. Overall, this work establishes an efficient microbial production platform for SCA and provides in vivo evidence supporting the anti\u2010colitis potential of this bioactive lipid.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.75502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T10:56:22Z","timestamp":1778064982000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Biosynthesis of Sciadonic Acid Derived from Gymnosperms with Anti\u2010Colitis Activity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yadi","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources Zhejiang A&amp;F University Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Engineering &amp; Engineering Medicine 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