{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:45:18Z","timestamp":1791477918789,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"47","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3709302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3709302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42307133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42307133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Benzene is a common urban air pollutant with potential neurotoxicity, yet the health effects of long\u2010term, low\u2010level ambient exposure and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Here, we used data from 288,180 UK Biobank (UKB) participants to investigate associations between benzene exposure and brain disorders as well as related genetic susceptibility and potential protein\u2010mediated mechanisms. We found that benzene exposure was significantly associated with seven brain disorders, including anxiety disorders, dementia, epilepsy, major depressive disorder, migraine, sleep disorders, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Greater genetic susceptibility to benzene exposure was most apparent for epilepsy, migraine, sleep disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Pathway\u2010level mediation analyses identified 40 pathways that may mediate the associations between benzene exposure and brain disorders, converging on pathways regulating cell survival and apoptosis, immune\u2010inflammatory signaling, cellular stress responses, and cell\u2013cell or cell\u2013matrix interactions, highlighting coordinated disruptions in cellular homeostasis and immune regulation. Overall, our findings suggest that even low\u2010level ambient benzene exposure may be linked to adverse brain health through multiple potential biological pathways, highlighting the need for further studies in diverse exposure settings, including rural populations with potentially higher benzene exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.75874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:27:32Z","timestamp":1780064852000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long\u2010Term Ambient Benzene Exposure and Brain Disorders Among Urban Adults: Effect Modification by Genetic Susceptibility and Potential Mediation by Plasma Proteins"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jianhui","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Koutrakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8763-3331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina L. Zilli","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital\/Institute of Mental Health NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital)  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyao","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Peking University  Beijing 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