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We developed a closed\u2010loop brain\u2010machine interface (BMI) using a novel hydrogel electrode for integrated NP management. Clinically, we identified enhanced prefrontal \u03b8\u2010band (4\u20138\u00a0Hz) activity as a specific NP biomarker. To achieve stable long\u2010term recording, we engineered a PFAPT hydrogel with superior biocompatibility, anti\u2010swelling, and low impedance. In rats, it enabled stable electrocorticography (ECoG) acquisition for 28 d, outperforming screw electrodes, and validated \u03b8\u2010band alterations in NP. Incorporated into a closed\u2010loop BMI, the hydrogel delivered \u03b8\u2010triggered cortical stimulation, which increased pain thresholds and alleviated anxiety\u2010 and depression\u2010like behaviors in NP rats. Spatial transcriptomics revealed that stimulation bidirectionally regulated inflammation, central sensitization, and affective pathways. This work presents a hydrogel\u2010based closed\u2010loop BMI as a precise diagnostic and therapeutic platform for NP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.76269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T12:22:03Z","timestamp":1782476523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Closed\u2010Loop Decoding and Intervention of Pain: A Novel BMI Strategy Integrating\n                    <i>\u03b8<\/i>\n                    \u2010Band Detection and Mechano\u2010Electro\u2010Biological Coupled Hydrogels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yun","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pain Medicine Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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