{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:05:21Z","timestamp":1790244321166,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"53","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Germinal centers (GCs) are transient microanatomical structures that coordinate humoral immune responses through dynamic interactions between antigen presenting cells, T follicular helper cells, and B cells. Despite their central importance to immune protection, GC human biology remains difficult to interrogate due to significant inter\u2010species variability, limited experimental accessibility to primary human tissues, and high interindividual variability. We developed a human immune culture platform that supports spontaneous multicellular organization of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from primary CD19+ B cells, memory CD4+ T cells, and monocyte\u2010derived dendritic cells into Germinal Center\u2010like Organoids (GCLOs). These bioengineered GCLOs self\u2010organize into stable clusters that exhibit stimulus and donor dependent differences in cellular composition and function. We observed the emergence of GC\u2010like T and B cell subsets, functional IgG output, and the appearance of plasmablast\u2010like populations. Notably, the age of the donors and the type of stimuli influenced GCLOs architecture, immune subsets, and antibody output. Platform outputs showed correspondence with clinical vaccine responsiveness across human donors, capturing inter\u2010individual differences in humoral GCLO immune responses to the flu vaccine, including age\u2010associated trends consistent with immunosenescence. This platform allows scalable investigation of human GC\u2010associated immune features and provides a tractable framework for studying donor heterogeneity in humoral immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.76335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T11:38:34Z","timestamp":1783078714000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Engineering Human Donor Derived Germinal Center\u2010Like Organoids (GCLOs) for Studying Immune Response to Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Bhumi","family":"Suthar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Miami  Coral Gables Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine  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