{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T13:55:10Z","timestamp":1790603710498,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"54","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102023\u201000261042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102023\u201000261042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102022\u2010NR068225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102022\u2010NR068225"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102024\u201000436660"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102024\u201000436660"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102024\u201000351653"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102024\u201000351653"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Spin\u2010orbit torque (SOT) provides an efficient route for ultrafast and energy\u2010efficient magnetization control in spintronic devices. However, deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization in conventional non\u2010magnet\/ferromagnet bilayers is fundamentally limited by symmetry, typically necessitating an external magnetic field. In this work, we demonstrate unconventional spin currents and associated SOTs in antiferromagnet (AFM)\u2010based NiO(110)\/Ta\/CoFeB\/MgO trilayers, enabling nearly complete field\u2010free switching of perpendicular magnetization. We find that the switching efficiency is maximized when the applied current is oriented transverse to the AFM easy axis, indicating that the generated spin currents are governed by the relative orientation between the N\u00e9el vector and the current direction. Second\u2010harmonic measurements reveal angle\u2010dependent spin currents with both in\u2010plane and out\u2010of\u2010plane spin polarizations, which is consistent with micromagnetic simulations incorporating the N\u00e9el\u2010vector dynamics in the AFM layer. Our findings suggest that AFM\u2010based trilayers offer a versatile platform for efficient field\u2010free switching and highlight the potential of N\u00e9el\u2010vector\u2010dependent spin currents for SOT\u2010based spintronic applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.76444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T13:45:21Z","timestamp":1783604721000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["N\u00e9el\u2010Vector\u2010Dependent Unconventional Spin\u2010Orbit Torque for Deterministic Field\u2010Free Switching in NiO (110)\u2010Based Trilayers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hyeong\u2010Joo","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seok\u2010Jong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics KAIST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuoc Cao","family":"Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National University  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Cuong","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National University  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong\u2010Hyeon","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geunwoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Younghun","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Basic Science Institute  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong Hoon","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics Inha University  Incheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soojung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Chemistry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)  Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9549-8611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun\u2010Yeol","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Chemistry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)  Daegu South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong\u2010Ryul","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National University  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung\u2010Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics KAIST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8813-7025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byong\u2010Guk","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.91.035004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201907148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2021.3078583"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4902443"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565\u2010019\u20100607\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.109.096602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4566"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.0c03972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.1c04786"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2014.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4886"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010021\u201027459\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0094631"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.100.184402"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphys3933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.121.136805"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.110.214427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563\u2010018\u20100041\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010017\u201000967\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928\u2010022\u201000735\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201046113\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44306\u2010025\u201000071\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563\u2010021\u201000946\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010021\u201026453\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201039884\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.113.057601"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41567\u2010020\u201001061\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201036166\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz4247"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.127.117202"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.133.256701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adq8590"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.116.207603"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.11.054048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.81.174416"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201031930\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3522"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.89.214419"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565\u2010020\u201000826\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201032179\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.107.134422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565\u2010024\u201001741\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202401018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201038550\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.93.144409"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c22061"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.90.224427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202406552"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43705"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.95.220408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304\u20108853(98)00266\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav8076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.103.L121113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevMaterials.7.L111401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41567\u2010024\u201002648\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5c04272"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010023\u201006101\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202425932"}],"container-title":["Advanced Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.76444","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/advs.76444","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.76444","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T12:58:42Z","timestamp":1790600322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/advs.76444"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"54","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/advs.76444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.76444","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-3844","2198-3844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-3844","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-3844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e76444"}}