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In this context, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets offer new drug delivery strategies to reach neural cells and signaling networks selectively. To complex and transport neuropeptide Y (NPY), GO was engineered as GO:NPY, and its activity was investigated in regulating excitatory neurotransmission in NPY\u2010positive synaptic pathways, when delivered to the amygdala, a structure mediating fear memory responses. First, it was shown that in vitro GO:NPY specifically and selectively inhibited glutamate release and suppressed synaptic enhancement via NPY receptors. In a rat model of anxiety disorder, when injected into the amygdala, GO:NPY suppressed contextual fear memory responses via activation of NPY receptors in specific synaptic pathways. This easy\u2010to\u2010tune GBM\u2010based nanoplatforms promise advances in co\u2010delivery vectors preserving the synaptic specificity needed for treating specific pathological conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.76608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T14:18:20Z","timestamp":1785507500000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuropeptide Y\u2014Graphene Oxide Complexes Inhibit Amygdala NPY\u2010Receptor Expressing Glutamatergic Pathways and Selectively Remove Aversive Memory In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Pati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA\/ISAS)  Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Franceschi Biagioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International 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