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This study developed an innovative and efficient screening platform combining hydrogen peroxide test strip\u2010based colorimetric sensing with affinity chromatography for rapid identification of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors from complex herbal medicines. Applying this strategy, from\n                    <jats:italic>Lycium barbarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaves, we identified three potent inhibitors: chlorogenic acid, N\u2010acetyl\u2010N'\u2010caffeoylputrescine (NANCP), and N\u2010caffeoylputrescine (NCP), with IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ranging from 55.7 to 143.2\u00a0\u00b5\n                    <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                    . Molecular analyses confirmed their stable binding to AChE. In a D\u2010galactose and AlCl\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model, NCP treatment significantly rescued cognitive deficits in AD mice, with the spontaneous alternation rate in the Y\u2010maze test improved by up to 50%. It markedly reduced cerebral A\u03b2 levels (by 54%) and pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, including TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, and IL\u20106, alleviated oxidative stress, and attenuated hippocampal neuronal damage. Mechanistically, NCP modulated glycerophospholipid metabolism, reshaped gut microbiota, and targeted the proteasome\u2010autophagy pathway, revealing a multi\u2010faceted synergistic mechanism. The research offers a new screening tool for AChE inhibitors and highlights a promising natural multi\u2010target candidate, NCP, for AD therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.76863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T14:41:47Z","timestamp":1785336107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Innovative Test Strip\u2010Based Colorimetric Sensors Integrated With Affinity Chromatography: Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Screening Breakthrough in\n                    <i>Lycium Barbarum<\/i>\n                    Leaves"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Yuping","family":"Sa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Ningxia Medical University  Yinchuan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Protection Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area College of Pharmacy Ministry of Education 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