{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T13:12:55Z","timestamp":1785503575899,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Stretchable and self\u2010adhesive epidermal electrodes and sensors with long\u2010term stability are highly desirable for wearable applications. These electrodes and sensors typically comprise multiple components, each contributing distinct mechanical and electrical functions. However, their materials design and optimization rely heavily on time\u2010consuming trial\u2010and\u2010error approaches, highlighting the need for a more effective strategy. Here, we report a data\u2010driven composition optimization strategy integrating artificial neural network (ANN) modeling and genetic algorithm (GA) optimization for the rational design of self\u2010adhesive epidermal electrodes\/sensors. By defining optimization objectives that prioritized either high electrical conductivity and adhesion or high piezoresistive sensitivity, stretchable epidermal electrodes and sensors were developed. The optimized electrode exhibits high stretchability (\u223c 177%), robust adhesion (0.10 N cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), and low skin electrode contact impedance (\u223c 72 k\u03a9 at 10\u00a0Hz), enabling more stable long\u2010term acquisition of electromyograms (EMG), electrocardiograms (ECG), and electroencephalograms (EEG) signals, compared to commercial Ag\/AgCl gel electrodes. The resulting optimal sensor based on a different material composition demonstrates large stretchability (\u223c 153%) and good piezoresistive sensitivity (gauge factor \u223c 4.79), enabling motion monitoring and human\u2010machine interface demonstrations. This work highlights the effectiveness of data\u2010driven optimization for application\u2010specific design of wearable devices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.76928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T12:49:22Z","timestamp":1785502162000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Data\u2010Driven Design of Self\u2010Adhesive Epidermal Electrodes and Sensors"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Xuan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milad","family":"Razbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danish","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhua","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering The University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"M\u00fcllner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Centre for Polymers &amp; Colloids School of Chemistry The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano) The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenlong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering The University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6585-8898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano) The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2018.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2015.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528\u2010022\u201000159\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202100545"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b00847"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201800802"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528\u2010022\u201000175\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010018\u20100268\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.22.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c04448"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b02182"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2018.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.26599\/NR.2026.94908565","article-title":"A 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