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Here, we demonstrate the stabilization of intrinsic radicals within graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesized via two\u2010dimensional polymerization of perylene derivatives. Numerous radicals are stably localized at periodically arranged lattice defects in bilayer graphene\u2010like plates, where the induced structural distortions and intralayer oscillations minimize interlayer interactions, thus enabling exceptional radical stability across a broad temperature range (100\u2013500 K). This configuration generates an intrinsic radical defect (IRD) state with an absorption band extending beyond 780\u00a0nm. Via experimental and theoretical investigations, we reveal that the radical\u2010related singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) level facilitates exciton dissociation and diffusion from\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c0<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010conjugated domains to IRD domains with an efficient charge transfer process. This process yields efficient second near\u2010infrared (NIR\u2010II) photoluminescence with a quantum yield of 1.8%. Leveraging this property, the GQDs facilitate high\u2010resolution NIR\u2010II fluorescence imaging of vessels, tumors, and lymph nodes in mice. This discovery boosts the applications of carbon\u2010based radicals in photonic technologies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.76970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T11:05:41Z","timestamp":1785755141000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Engineering Ultrastable Intrinsic Radicals: Graphene Quantum Dots With NIR\u2010II Emission for Dynamic Deep\u2010Tissue Bioimaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Qin","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province School of Biomedical Engineering Hainan University  Sanya 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