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To emulate biological synaptic functions effectively, artificial devices must exhibit gradual conductance modulation, linear responses to pulse stimuli, diverse forms of synaptic plasticity, and low\u2010power operation. Ion\u2010mediated electrochemical devices have recently emerged as promising candidates for such functionalities because ionic redistribution can continuously modify the internal electrochemical state of materials and naturally produce history\u2010dependent conductance changes. This review discusses recent advances in battery\u2010ion\u2010inspired synaptic devices that exploit electrochemical processes to implement artificial synaptic behavior. We first outline the fundamental electrochemical mechanisms underlying ion\u2010mediated state modulation, including ion insertion\/accumulation, intercalation, migration, and diffusion. We then survey the materials landscape for battery\u2010inspired synaptic devices, covering electrolytes and active channel materials such as transition metal oxides, two\u2010dimensional materials, and organic mixed ionic\u2010electronic conductors. Emerging applications in neuromorphic computing and neuromorphic biosensing are revisited, where ionic dynamics enable the integration of sensing, memory, and computation. Key challenges related to device reliability, scalability, and environmental stability are discussed, together with future perspectives for advancing battery\u2010ion\u2010based neuromorphic technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T10:44:07Z","timestamp":1787049847000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Battery\u2010Inspired Electrochemical Synapses for Neuromorphic Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Won Woo","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Semiconductor Engineering Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1638-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"SeongCheol","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Materials Engineering Dongguk University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wangmyung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering Hanyang University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1806-2634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaewon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Materials Engineering Dongguk University  Seoul Republic of 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