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However, conventional ellipsometric measurements are fundamentally constrained by interface\u2010induced beam distortion arising from gas\u2010liquid meniscus effects that limit the measurement precision and reliability, and necessitate bulky optical instrumentation. Here, we propose and experimentally validate a Metasurface\u2010enabled Helical Wavefront Fingerprint (MHWF) metrological paradigm for quantitatively specific readout of liquid refractive index and extinction coefficient by exploiting the features of wavefronts as information carriers. MHWF is constructed from the wavefronts of a focused vortex beam generated by a dielectric metasurface embedded in the liquid. The topological preservation of the vortex beam with orbital angular momentum ensures the integrity of the MHWF wavefront features, forming a unique three\u2010dimensional optical fingerprint. Specifically, the fingerprint carries wavefront profile, focal length evolution, and spatial intensity distribution information governed by the complex dielectric response of the liquid, which are deciphered using beam quality spatial variance, hyperbolic geometric propagation, and Fresnel diffraction theory. Furthermore, MHWF enables high\u2010sensitivity refractive index sensing with multi\u2010response. This work establishes an ultra\u2010compact optical metrology platform, paving the way for light\u2010matter interaction studies in liquid\u2010state photonics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:36:16Z","timestamp":1787582176000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metasurface\u2010Enabled Helical Wavefront Fingerprint Metrology for Quantitative Retrieval of Liquid Optical Constants"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8372-6440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuting","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University  Shenzhen 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Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5339-3085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duk\u2010Yong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantum Science and Technology Research School of Physics Australian National University  Canberra Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7362-519X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Science and Technology Eastern Institute of Technology  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1425-1911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuechao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Suzhou Institute of Nano\u2010Tech and Nano\u2010Bionics Chinese 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