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UM exhibits unique biological and anatomical features, including an immune\u2010privileged ocular microenvironment, the blood\u2013ocular barrier, and high melanin content, contributing to therapeutic complexity. Current treatments, including radiotherapy, surgery, and systemic therapies, achieve local tumor control but remain limited by adverse effects, recurrence, and insufficient efficacy against metastatic disease. Laser\u2010based therapies, including transpupillary thermotherapy and photodynamic therapy, offer minimally invasive alternatives. However, their performance is constrained by limited light penetration, melanin\u2010induced uneven absorption, and incomplete tumor eradication. Recent advances in nanotechnology offer opportunities to overcome these limitations. Nanoparticle\u2010based phototherapies can improve tumor targeting, photosensitizer delivery, and localized activation while reducing off\u2010target effects. Multifunctional nanoplatforms may combine imaging, drug delivery, and synergistic therapies such as immunotherapy or chemotherapy. Although promising preclinical results highlight improved tumor control and antitumor responses, challenges related to safety, biodistribution, and clinical translation remain. This review discusses these challenges and future directions for optimized nanoplatforms to improve disease management and metastasis prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T04:33:21Z","timestamp":1788237201000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Potential of Nanoparticle\u2010Based Phototherapies for Future Treatment of Uveal Melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1230-2635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie","family":"Lambert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICGM CNRS ENSCM University of Montpellier  Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4539-1677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBMM CNRS ENSCM University of Montpellier  Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean Edward","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Applied Nanobioscience and Medicine &amp; 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