{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:01:42Z","timestamp":1790776902711,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014219","name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22025401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22025401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22293034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22293034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22293030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22293030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32400774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32400774"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32501281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32501281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Despite considerable advances in cancer immunotherapy, the persistent immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) seriously limits its performance in solid tumors. Here, we reveal that trogocytosis\u2014an intercellular membrane transfer process\u2014between tumor\u2010associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer cells serves as a critical mechanism driving this immunosuppression. We demonstrate that trogocytosis efficiency, inversely correlated with tumor cell cortical stiffness, varies substantially across cancer types and dictates immunosuppressive intensity through upregulation of CXCL5 and Arg\u20101, leading to CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell exhaustion. Importantly, this mechano\u2010immunological axis is conserved in humans, as evidenced by study with human cell lines and a strong correlation between trogocytosis markers and T cell exhaustion in clinical patient samples. Increasing tumor cell stiffness with simvastatin effectively suppressed trogocytosis, reversed T cell dysfunction, and synergistically enhanced the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy. These findings establish macrophage trogocytosis as a fundamental driver of immunosuppressive heterogeneity and highlight its targeting as a promising strategy to potentiate cancer immunotherapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:40:42Z","timestamp":1790775642000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Macrophage Trogocytosis of Tumor Cells Drives the Immunosuppression of Tumor Microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center Peking University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Pancreatic Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Science and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan\u2010Ru","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanru","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianbin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhujun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing) Department of Radiation Oncology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8208-7168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai\u2010Yan","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21349"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577\u2010020\u201000490\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25501"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.02.016","article-title":"The Evolving Tumor Microenvironment: From Cancer Initiation to Metastatic Outgrowth","volume":"41","author":"Visser K. 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