{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:03:11Z","timestamp":1790787791706,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000196","name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["38623"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["38623"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a sustainable scaffold for flexible energy\u2010storage devices, but conventional biosynthesis provides limited control over through\u2010thickness structure, making it difficult to integrate distinct functional regions within a monolithic structure. Here, we use oxygen\u2010guided biosynthesis to grow spatially differentiated BC scaffolds (SDBC) for flexible all\u2010in\u2010one supercapacitors. By creating air\u2010water and water\u2010oil oxygen\u2010accessible interfaces, the microbes\u2019 aerobic nature directs cellulose deposition into two dense biofilms connected by an open fibrillar interlayer in a single cultivation step. The dense surface region supports polyaniline loading and charge storage, while the interlayer accommodates the gel electrolyte and facilitates ion transport. The resulting supercapacitor combines structural continuity with deformation tolerance, achieving high ionic conductivity (112.0\u00a0mS\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), mechanical toughness (1.77\u00a0MJ\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), areal capacitance (410.6\u00a0mF\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), and energy density (34.0\u00a0\u00b5Wh\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). This work establishes a bottom\u2010up route to introduce spatial differentiation and structural continuity during cellulose biosynthesis and provides a platform for monolithic soft energy\u2010storage devices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:00:31Z","timestamp":1790532031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biosynthesis of Spatially Differentiated Cellulose for Flexible All\u2010in\u2010one Supercapacitors"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Shu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Bioproducts Institute The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia 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and Biological Engineering The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Bioproducts Institute The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7876-001X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peijin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioproducts Institute The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Wood Science The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minke","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioproducts Institute The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Wood Science The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia 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