{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:10:06Z","timestamp":1789564206360,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Titanium alloy scaffolds (Ti\u20136Al\u20134\u00a0V) are widely used to repair bone defects. However, conventional titanium\u2010based implants lack customized functional surface interfaces that promote coordinated local nerve and blood vessel regeneration, thereby limiting bone regeneration and long\u2010term stability. To address this limitation, we utilize a topologically optimized triple\u2010periodic minimal surface (TPMS) porous titanium (Ti) scaffold. Polydopamine (PDA) surface engineering is used to stably immobilize europium ions (Eu\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    )\u2010coordinated black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets onto the surface, forming a Ti\u2013PDA@(BP+Eu) (TPBE) scaffold with photothermal\u2010ionic synergistic release to coordinate early neurovascular reconstruction and subsequent bone regeneration. In vitro studies demonstrate that under periodic near\u2010infrared irradiation, the TPBE scaffold enables on\u2010demand release of Eu\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/phosphate ions (PO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>3\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), thereby promoting adhesion, migration, differentiation, and gene expression of neural, vascular, and osteogenic cells. Further, activating the PI3K\/Akt pathways enhances neurite outgrowth and axonal regeneration of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells. In vivo large\u2010segment bone defect models demonstrate that TPBE scaffolds combined with mild photothermal therapy increases neurovascular network density and upregulate osteogenic\u2013neuro\u2013vascular coupling factors, thereby accelerating bone regeneration. This study presents an innovative method for the fabrication of Ti\u2010based implant materials capable of cascade regeneration of nerve, vascular, and bone tissues, establishing the basis for the exploration of multitissue regenerative biomaterials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T12:50:42Z","timestamp":1789563042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sequential Regulation of Neurovascular Bone Regeneration in Large Bone Defects Using Black Phosphorus\u2010Europium Nanosheet Integrated TPMS Biomimetic Scaffold with Photo\u2010Controlled Ion Release"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5154-5733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bingqian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center Oral Biomaterials and Advanced Equipments Research Center of Dental and Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration and Repair Technology School of Stomatology Xi'an Medical University  Xi'an P. 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